Dados do Trabalho

Título

The Incidence of Snoring in Patients with Nasal Obstruction and its Correlation to Sleep Apnea Severity.

Introdução

Due to changes in the structure and the coating of the nose, nasal obstruction (NO) increases upper airway resistance, contributing to the development of snoring and Sleep Obstructive Apnea and Hypopnea Syndrome (SOAHS). Therefore, the amount of patients who suffer from snoring has been searched out in a sample group that accuses the presence of NO, as well as the incidence of SOAHS and its levels of intensity.

Objetivo

To evaluate the incidence of snoring in patients with NO and the impact of those variables in the gravity of SOAHS. To observe the distribution of such parameters according to sex, age and Body Mass Index (BMI).

Métodos

A sample of 255 patients from 2018 to 2020 was evaluated. Of such, 220 patients presented NO and snoring. The patients were submitted to a pre-sleep survey, to Epworth’s Sleepiness Scale and to a polysomnography. The goal of this research was to understand the impact of snoring and NO in the presence and gravity of SOAHS, in addition to dividing them according to sex, age, BMI and severity of apnea.

Resultados

220 of the studied patients (86,27%) fulfilled the criteria of NO and snoring. According to the sex division, 135 people were men (61,36%) and 85 were women (38,64%). When it comes to age, patients were divided into 3 groups: less than 20 years of age (3,18%), between 21 and 59 years of age (75,91%) and above 60 years of age (20,91%). Regarding the BMI, parameters used were: normal, with BMI below 24,9% Kg/m2 (26,48%); overweight, with BMI between 25 and 29,9 Kg/m2 (43,38%) and obese, with BMI above 30 Kg/m2 (30,14%). Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was calculated by the number of obstructive apnea and hypopnea episodes per hour of sleep. The SOA gravity classification was: normal when AHI < 5 (17,27%); mild when AHI between 5 and 15 (30,45%); moderate when AHI between 15 and 30 (23,64%) and severe when AHI > 30 episodes per hour of sleep (28,64%).

Conclusões

In summary, 86,27% of patients with NO snore. BMI has shown to be an important risk factor, considering 73,52% of patients who snore have a BMI above 25 Kg/m2. Furthermore, an increased prevalence in male adults (between 21 and 69 years) was observed. 82,73% of snorers present SOAHS. They are divided practically evenly regarding the gravity of AHI, although the mild classification was slightly predominant. Therefore, it has been found that the association of NO and snoring is related to SOAHS but doesn’t influence the gravity of the illness.

Palavras -chave

Nasal obstruction; SOAHS; snoring.