Dados do Trabalho

Título

Sleep pattern in adolescents with obesity: effects of sex and anthropometric associations

Introdução

Sleep disorders has been increasingly associated to obesity. In this sense, sleep alterations, as reduced sleep time, poor sleep quality and chronotype dysregulation could impair weight control treatments in adolescents with obesity

Objetivo

To evaluate the sleep pattern (quality, quantity and regularity) and its associations with anthropometric measures in adolescents with obesity.

Métodos

Sample consisted of male and female teenagers (12 to 17 years old) who attend the Pediatric Endocrinology Ambulatory of Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Brazil. Anthropometric parameters were measured and obesity was defined as zBMI >2SD (WHO, 2007). Sleep data were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Eveningness-Morningness Questionnaire. Only subjects with a reasonable level of understanding questionnaires were included. Data were presented as mean (±SD) or frequency (%). The level of significance was 5%.

Resultados

Our sample was composed of 48 adolescents (58.3% female), 13.5 (±1.4) years old, zBMI 2.79 (±0.6), abdominal circumference of 103 (±14.8) cm, neck circumference 38.3 (±3.8) cm, and waist-to-height ratio 0.6 (±0.08). No significant differences between sex were found on these parameters. Total sleep time (TST) was 8.2 (±1.7) hours and the sleep latency was 32 (±49.3) minutes. Similar values were found on boys and girls. TST correlated positively with waist-to-height ratio. 63.6% of the sample reported to have poor sleep quality, with a higher frequency of poor sleep in girls (82.1% vs. 17.9%). PSQI score in girls was 8.74 (±2.8) vs. 5.18 (±2.9) in boys. Insomnia complaints was reported by 25% of adolescents, being more frequent in girls (37% vs. 5.9%). 23.7% of the sample reported excessive daytime sleepiness. 24.4% of the sample had an evening chronotype, 9.8% morning chronotype and most adolescents were classified as intermediate (65.9%).

Conclusões

Adolescents with obesity had a high frequency of poor sleep quality. Girls had more negative results on sleep parameters. Regardless sex, higher sleep time correlated with higher waist-to-height ratio, a cardiometabolic risk measure. Due to the effects of sleep on metabolism, sleep pattern analysis should be encouraged in pediatric clinical settings particularly in adolescents undergoing treatment for weight control.

Palavras -chave

adolescents, chronotype, obesity, sleep quality, sex