Dados do Trabalho

Título

Effects of melatonin administration on diabetes risk markers according to dietary lipid profile in night workers

Introdução

Interactions between circadian clocks and key mediators of chronic low-grade inflammation associated with fat consumption may be important in maintaining metabolic homeostasis, and may pose a risk for the development of obesity-associated comorbidities, especially type 2 diabetes.

Objetivo

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the effects of melatonin administration on diabetes risk markers according to dietary lipid profile (pro-inflammatory versus anti-inflammatory) in excessive weight night workers, and to determine the effect of administration on fat consumption profile.

Métodos

A randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover clinical trial involving 27 nursing professionals working permanent night shifts under a 12x36-hour system was conducted for a period of 25 weeks. The melatonin group (12 weeks) used synthetic melatonin (3 mg) only on days off and between shifts, while the placebo group (12 weeks) was instructed to take a placebo, also on days off and between shifts. For inflammatory characteristics, participants were divided into pro-inflammatory (saturated fats, trans fats and cholesterol) and anti-inflammatory (monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fats and EPA+DHA) groups according to fatty acid determinations. At baseline and at the end of each phase, blood glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) plasma concentrations were collected and HOMA-IR was calculated.

Resultados

Participants had a mean age of 37.1 years (SE 1.1 years) and BMI of 29.9 kg/m² (SE 0.6 kg/m²). Median time working nights at the institution was 5.3 years (IQR 2-4 years). At baseline, mean levels of blood glucose, insulin and HbA1c were within the recommended reference ranges and median HOMA-IR was 3.1 (IQR 2.0-4.8), exceeding the recommended value. Regarding dietary lipid consumption, intake was within recommended levels for 81.5% of participants and median consumption was 60.6 g/day of fat (IQR 28.6-72.7 g/day). Melatonin administration had no effect on fat consumption profile or diabetes risk markers, according to the consumption of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory fats or total fats.

Conclusões

In summary, melatonin administration for 12 weeks had no effect on DM risk markers according to dietary lipid profile (pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory potential) in excessive weight night workers. Melatonin promoted no changes in fat consumption profile (total fat, dichotomized into anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory, or isolated fats) during the intervention.

Palavras -chave

Fat; Melatonin; Diabetes;